The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an adolescent as any person between ages 10 and 19.  During the pre-teen stage (age of 9-12), children change in significant ways. Their thinking patterns and mental abilities go through major developments. Personality, character, and a worldview are being formed and molded for the long term.

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Teenagers (age of 13+) can be unpredictable as they search of own identity and independence and being influenced by peers and social media. However, they still need parent's care and connection in a special way. Parents have to take a parenting shift with their struggling teens to navigate the unique approach of guiding and connecting each teenager.